English Grammar Cheatsheet
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| Category | Concept | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Parts of Speech | Noun | Person, place, or thing (e.g., dog, school) |
| Parts of Speech | Verb | Action or state (e.g., run, is) |
| Parts of Speech | Adjective | Describes a noun (e.g., blue, tall) |
| Parts of Speech | Adverb | Describes a verb (e.g., quickly, very) |
| Parts of Speech | Pronoun | Replaces a noun (e.g., he, they) |
| Parts of Speech | Preposition | Shows position/relation (e.g., in, on, at) |
| Parts of Speech | Conjunction | Connects clauses (e.g., and, but) |
| Parts of Speech | Interjection | Expresses emotion (e.g., wow!, oh!) |
| Tenses | Present Simple | I walk to school. |
| Tenses | Past Simple | She ate an apple. |
| Tenses | Future Simple | We will call you. |
| Tenses | Present Continuous | He is reading a book. |
| Tenses | Past Perfect | They had left before I arrived. |
| Sentence Structure | Subject + Verb | Birds fly. |
| Sentence Structure | Subject + Verb + Object | She plays guitar. |
| Sentence Structure | Compound Sentence | I came, and she left. |
| Sentence Structure | Complex Sentence | Because it rained, we stayed in. |
| Punctuation | Comma (,) | Used to separate items or clauses (e.g., I bought apples, bananas, and grapes.) |
| Punctuation | Period (.) | Ends a sentence. |
| Punctuation | Question Mark (?) | Used at the end of a question. |
| Punctuation | Exclamation Mark (!) | Used for strong feelings. |
| Articles | Definite Article | The sun is bright. |
| Articles | Indefinite Article | An apple, a car |
| Modals | Can | I can swim. |
| Modals | Should | You should eat healthy food. |
| Modals | Must | You must wear a helmet. |
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English Tenses Cheatsheet
| Tense | Structure | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Present Simple | Subject + base verb (s/es) | He walks to school. |
| Present Continuous | Subject + is/am/are + verb-ing | I am studying English. |
| Present Perfect | Subject + has/have + past participle | She has finished her work. |
| Present Perfect Continuous | Subject + has/have been + verb-ing | They have been working all day. |
| Past Simple | Subject + verb-ed / irregular form | We visited the museum. |
| Past Continuous | Subject + was/were + verb-ing | He was playing football. |
| Past Perfect | Subject + had + past participle | She had left before I came. |
| Past Perfect Continuous | Subject + had been + verb-ing | He had been waiting for hours. |
| Future Simple | Subject + will + base verb | I will call you later. |
| Future Continuous | Subject + will be + verb-ing | She will be traveling tomorrow. |
| Future Perfect | Subject + will have + past participle | We will have arrived by 5 PM. |
| Future Perfect Continuous | Subject + will have been + verb-ing | They will have been studying for hours. |